Multi 6 Monday 1300 - 1500
Agenda - overview of submitted drafts
Agenda bashing: none
- - draft-nikander-hip-mm-00.txt, Pekka Nikkander, 5 min
For background:
draft-moskowitz-hip-arch-03.txt
draft-moskowitz-hip-07.txt
Host Identity Protocol (HIP) has been around for some time. New
namespace protocol with a history of around 4 years. Today sockets are
bound to IP addresses, forcing the IP address into a dual role of
endpoint identifiers and forwarding identifiers. HIP introduces a new
namespace between the network and transport layers. The sockets are bound to
host identifiers that are dynamically bound to IP addresses. Hosts are
identified with public keys, not IP addresses, and apps see only the HIP
identifiers. The apps need not change is the assertion. Hosts can easily
have both IPv4 and IPv6 addresses, and the assertion is that end-host
multi-homing and mobility is trivial. HIP Proxies are described as a kind of a
hack. HIP may be a part of the multi-homing architecture. 4
Interoperating implementations, intend to send the drafts to the IESG, and
more work is needed on mobility and multi-homings with NAT traversal. HIP is
not a working group but is progressing in the background. HIP is a
multi-address solution with end-to-end. It solves only one aspect of
multi6, and has no specific solns for address selection or TE
Matsataka Ohta: You said "HIP Proxy" - do you support
multi-proxies for backup
Pekka Nikkander: There is no easy way to have multi HIP proxies in some
situations, and it does represent a single point of failure
- - draft-coene-sctp-multihome-04.txt, Lode Coene, 15 min
SCTP approach - endpoints have multiple addresses, where each IP
address represents a path to a particular endpoint. SCTP is not aware of the
level of path distinguishing - it would be good if they were, but this is
not a known property. SCTP can detect path up/down. (Example of
host-to-host with 2 addrs on each host). Multi-homing open up new
horizons for SCTP: add and remove ip addresses dynamically to the
endpoint, that can support mobility. Functionality at the endpoint is
asserted to be superior to network functions in this regards. It does
imply that the host requires a routing table - not a big deal for a host is
the claim. But a big table is required for a system with a large
connection load. How to maintain the routing table is claimed to be
implementation dependant (pre-configured or caching the INIT). NATs are in
the draft because they wanted to warn everyone how bad NATs really are! NAT
cases for SCTP generates problems that do no appear to have
straightforward solutions. From the transport level SCTP is claimed to be a
'should work' solution.
Lixia Zhang: How about UDP?
Lode Coene: its the same problem, with the application having to
undertake the selection.
Erik Nordmark: what algorithms have been used in SCTP work to select
source and destinations? Any write ups of this work?
Lode Coene: none known to me.
- - draft-bagnulo-multi6-mnm-00.txt, Marcelo Bagnulo, 10 min
Proposes to use MIPv6 to the multi-homing (mh) problem. Example in
presentation of recovery from current to backup path (Using alternate
addresses) Both paths have to be bound and identified _before_ an outage
using binding update messages. The alternate binding will use the Home
Address Option. Since MIP already needs the exchange of messages along each
path, this exchange can be used as a path keepalive. The lifetime of the
binding is limited to 7 minutes, and this is considered to be very short.
Possible solutions are proposed
Matsataka Ohta: IPv6 has large timeouts for various purposes. If your
proposal to have the same property so that the new address can be used
quickly.
Marcelo Bagnulo: this issue is to build a path outage detection, and we are
proposed to use the packet exchange for this purpose. The idea is to use the
same packet format, but change the timing.
- - draft-ohta-e2e-multihoming-05.txt, Masataka Ohta, 20 min
General introduction on IP and IPv6. References 8+8 Locator and
endpoint I-D. The proposal is to let end systems have multiple
addresses. Let the other end select the 'best' address. (The host
addresses are part of multiple upstream aggregates). The general
architecture proposed is to let the network inform the host about state to
allow the hosts to undertake address selection. When should a host
attempt alternate addresses? Proposed in response to ICMP, routing
change, timeouts (TCP only). Proposed that applications have an IP (and
UDP)-defined packet timeout to trigger alternate address use. For very
short timeouts it is proposed to send multi-copies of the packet with
multiple addresses. e-2-e mh and IP mobility are similar, although there is
mobility timing at the IP layer. e2emh has been implemented and running on
NetBSD with LIN6, with modifications to the stack as described in the
presentation. The design framework proposed is to make everything
optional. Exercising no options is single-homed. Use 8+8 Locator/Id
separation, with packet reception and connection identification
determined by the ID. Application to mobility is also described.
Multiple addresses are supplied to the peer by reverse query of DNS using an
ID query key followed by a forward query, or carry in the TCP header or a
new DNS query type. e2e approach is proposed as scaleable
architecture. MH and mobility are related, and the approach uses 8+8
separation
Pekka Nikkander: You did not mention security issues in your
presentation - is this to be addressed later on, or do you have
comments now?
Matasaka Ohta: The current Internet is weakly secure. Cookie-based
security for locator change give only the same level of security.
Peter Werny: What is required in the DNS for this to work?
Matasaka Ohta: this is different from current V6, as it only uses the
identifier 8 bytes. In DNS we look up locators of location agents using ID of
hosts.
Peter Werny: Every host has to have a DNS entry?
Matasaka Ohta:If there is no DNS and not TCP then you are
single-homed, and you cannot use this mechanisms.
PW: Your draft has no mention of DNS update
Matasaka Ohta: Location is not in the DNS - just the location agent.
Erik Nordmark: Are you assuming a structure for the identifiers?
Matasaka Ohta: It should be reverse lookup-able. Its better to have
hierarchy in the identifier space, but you can do without hierarchy if you
use TCP instead of the DNS to pass the multiple addresses
- -
draft-ohira-assign-select-e2e-multihome-00.txt, FUJIKAWA Kenji, 5 min
Each end application can determine a route to use. Applications select a
route using a selection of a specific source and destination address pair. An
end application can select a path without full route information is the
claim. The attributes are claimed to include redundancy and load
balancing. Modifications to hosts, routers and routing protocols is
needed. Site exit router selection using source address routing enables
redundancy, load sharing with multiple paths. Some mechanisms is needed for
'proper' source address selection. Transport layer survivability could be an
SCTP mechanism or other.
- -
draft-arifumi-lin6-multihome-api-00.txt, Arifumi Matumoto, 10 min
Socket API extensions. Propose to use application layer, rather than the
network. Uses 8+8 model. The API is for manipulation of multiple
addresses in the application. LIN6 is based on the 8+8 model. LIN6 does
address acquisition, notification, registration in a secure manner. Hosts
identify their peer and themselves using only the identifier part. e2e-mh is
seen to be an application of the LIN6 model. The trigger to switch
locators is seen to be ICMP-based using host unreachable. APIs need to
manipulate locators, to make a multi-locator-ready socket, allow API to
change locators on the fly, and acquire remote locators. The details of API
changes described, in socket(), getaddrinfo() and
getsockopt()/setsocketopt(). APIs are intended for active mh
applications. UDP requires application support. Future work is to put
support in to the TCP level, so that no changes are required for API for
TCP.
- - draft-ohta-multihomed-isps-00.txt, Masataka Ohta, 10 min
All hosts should have full default-free routing table. This allows
selector in host to make optimal locator choice, and know when locator is
unreachable. source address selection for ingress filtering only. The peer
will not use the source address - it will make its own selection of a
locator for the peer. Extended example of policy control and
filtering.
Pekka Savola: Both of these drafts have been obsoleted
Matasaka Ohta: not a problem!
? (MCI): IF an NLA gets address space from 2 TLAs which does it use?
MO: If gets 2 addresses, as does its customers. The number of prefixes
cascades down.
? MCI): Scaleaility?
MO: yes, and NLA should be no more than triply homed.
Iljitsch van Beijnum: Why is the information in the routing table
superior to information you can obtain from the other end?
MO: This does not have scaleability problems if you limit
connectivity. This is a connectionless system where a host has no
information about the other end, and the routing table is local
information you can use.
Iljitsch van Beijnum: ok, but I disagree with this
- - draft-de-launois-multi6-naros-01.txt, Cedric de Launois, 10 min
Solution for traffic engineering for mh need sites in a
multi-address environment. Each host has 1 address per upstream
provider. Noted that choosing a source address implies choosing a
provider (assuming providers perform source address filtering). Which
source? A host has no information about which provider to use to reach a
destination. Propose to use a dedicated agent (server). A host will query
the server with a destination address, and the server responds with the
source to use. The burden of selecting the source address is
aggregated to a dedicated server. Note it gives only a hint to the host
about what address to use. NAROS is not intended to preserve flows across
address changes. SCTP or HIP could be used to preserve flows. The server
could be anycast, or undertaken without provider interaction. The host /
server protocol is a query response packet exchange. Where multiple
choices exist, multiple parameters can be used to make the selection.
Pekka Nikkander: is this a new protocol, or, perhaps, ICMP
Cedric de Launois: No particular protocol - it could be ICMP
PN: There are security issues here, like secure neighbor discovery
Michael Richardson: Takes the example and adds further connections, and
then adds a policy question about 'acceptable traffic' policies. Can NAROS
deal with this>
CdL: A lot of requirements could be placed in the NAROS server and it
could be aware of those kind of requirements.
Matsataka Ohta: Anycast does not include increased robustness for server
failure. A NAROS server crash will not bring down a anycast route. Also 300
seconds is too large a value.
- - draft-huitema-multi6-hosts-02.txt, Chistian Huitema & David
Kessens, 20 min
Simple multihoming experiment. A problem statement in a bounded
example environment. A simple network is a single link where multiple
hosts see multiple boundary routers where each router is connected to
distinct upstreams. Addresses from providers are mapped to all the hosts.
Asserted that this is not uncommon in V4 and that the common solution is to
NAT the local net and allow the NAT to 'rehome' to each outbound. The
consequence is flow breakage across the rehoming of the NAT. The bounds are
that the ISPS do not exchange information, there are provider
addresses with an assigned prefix per provider. Hosts configure an
address with each prefix. Need to resolve host choice of egress router
selection (as a function of the source address)
Erik Nordmark: There are people talking about movement detection, and this
gets all routers to advertise all prefixes
Christian Huitema: Thats not incompatible - several routers can
advertise the same information, provided that the information is
equivalent, and the routers can handle all such packets.
Pekka Savola: please clarify the applicability. This is only the case
where hosts are directly connected to all egress routers.
Christian: this is a common case.
MO: You don't need tunnels in a single link network. In a multi-link
network you need tunnels.
CH: This does nothing for MTU discovery. For single link there is a very
simple solution and this can be extended for multi-links
MO: Ands I'm saying its impossible
CH: fine!
No need for tunnels in a single link network, and the routers can pass off
to each other in the event of dynamic failure. The assertion is that in a
single link network this requirement can be easily met. Dead exist
routers or dead ISP require some consideration. If the exit router knows
that the path is dead it can send a poison advertisement of the prefix. The
real issue with this form of mh is a very soft definition of 'broken'
where the link may be up, but the path to the remote end point may be
unuseable. This kind of problem is an e2e detection issue. Hosts may need to
keep track of connections and track quality. If you know an ingress path is
dead do you need to update the DNS to remove the dead prefix from your host
entry? Of course you may not know and in this case your peer will need to
work out what address to use. Maintenance of TCP connections is an issue.
MIP6 may be an answer, or SCTP for 'new hosts'. For 'old' hosts, he
connection will fail, and needs to be reestablished. Exit / entrance
selection is also an issue. One approach is to only advertise the
preferred address in the DNS if you have a primary / backup scenario. And in a
1 + 1 scenario, then advertise both. On the outgoing the solution may be a
local server to assist, or to document preferences in the routers. We
appear to be able to design solutions that require changes to the IPv6
standards, do no require address rewriting at exit points, but it could
work,
Pekka Nikkander: New hosts can use MIPv6 or SCTP. IN MIPv6 don't you need to
change both ends?
CH: The support for the connected node in MIPv6 is supposed to be
implemented everywhere.
PN: You need to change the address in both ends.
CH: The time appears to be around 5 or 6 minutes.
PN: If you are going to change the code at both ends then you should try HIP
in your experiments as well.
CH: You are free to experiment with HIP
Fujikawa: It seems like an application cannot select different path from
other applications in a host?
CH: No, not so. The host has several IPv6 addresses. An application that
want to do path selection can bind to a source address and connect to a
destination and select a path.
Matasaka Ohta: It is stupid to keep using a complication MIPv6
CH: Complexity is management of the Home agent and security functions to
certain classes of attacks and you will need to have some form of
security in any case.
Matasaka Ohta: This only works in a single link case.
In a larger site the problem is ingress filtering, because its harder to do
source-based routing. The simple solution is to work with the ISP to lift
source filters. Even larger sites have their own PI space and AS#.
IvB: Disable ingress filtering can be down for the local upstream, but the
chain may extend upward
CH: ingress filtering in the middle of the Internet is a bad idea
MO: what will you do with a large site?
CH: lets call them medium
Bob Hinden: ISPs would be more amenable to break ingress filtering than
route specifics.
?: Ingress filtering should not be an issues.
Mat Ford: Define a large site?
CH: establish a registry relationship!
- - draft-savola-multi6-asn-pi-00.txt, Pekka Savola, 10 min
Claimed that this is not the best solution in all cases, but better than
some others. Need to avoid the routing mess of advertising more
specific and need solutions soon. Approach to use the AS number to create PI
space for larger enterprises. e.g. 2000:<ASN>::/32. Issues about 16 / 32 bit
AS numbers, and a claim that 32 bit AS numbers would indicate a RIR
policy failure.
Moshens VC(?): How do you get uniqueness of the prefix
PS: This is 2000 - it won't collide!
MO: There are already too many ASes deployed
Geoff Huston: You are assuming AS remain at 16bits. What happens when AS
drain in 2011. and we move to 32 bit AS numbers? This is a relatively
short term solution with a visible drop dead point - right?
PV: yes.
?: This is good solution
PV: an appendix shows how to deal with 32 bit AS numbers, but I don't
lkike this solution.
Tim Chen: This cuts out the smaller sites that do not have ASs.
Randy Bush: Why reluctant to give out ASes to routing domains who's
policy domains are different from their neighbors?
- -
draft-van-beijnum-multi6-isp-int-aggr-01.txt, Iljitsch van Beijnum, 15 min
Geographical aggregation. Admitted that topology is not correlated to
geography, and even if the geo part doesn't work there are still some
savings.
MH: This gives little actual aggregation
?: Asymmetrical routes break in your model
IvB: Routing is asymmetrical in multi-homing in any case.
Tony Hain: Aggregatibility is the question. The concept appears fine, but
you are making assumptions about aggregation boundaries
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