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Terminology Unauthorized Emergency Service: The term "unauthorized emergency services" refers to the case where a device aims to attach to the network or to use a VoIP service but the authorization procedure fails. The authorization step may fail as a consequence of triggering different procedures (such as network access authentication or registration at the VoIP providers registrar). Still, the device is granted (limited) access to perform emergency calling. It is important to differentiate between network operator and VoIP provider as they often refer to different parties and therefore the authorization decision might be executed by a different backend infrastructure. Lack of authorization might be caused by a number of reasons, including credit exhaustion, expired accounts, locked account, missing access rights (e.g., access to the competitors enterprise network), etc. |